In ancient times the area included in district Gorakhpur was mostly covered with forests where sages lived in ashrams (hermitages) and taught boys hailing from different parts of the country, Rama, the famous prince of Ayodhya, also is said to have passed some time at the junction of rivers Rapti and Ghaghra to receive instructions from Vishwamitra.

Education, which started at home, was continued in these ashrams where the students lived with the preceptor. Regular schooling began with the initiation ceremony called the upanayana. The pupil could generally study subjects of his choice, but instruction was given specially in the Vedic lore. The traditional ten branches of learning were itihasa purana (legends and ancient lore), vyakarana (grammar), chhandshastra (prosody), arthashastra (political economy), ganita (mathematics), jyotish (astronomy and astrology), anvikshiki (philosophy), dharmashastra (law), shastravidya (state-craft and military science) and ayurveda (the science of medicine). Studies were not undertaken then with an eye mainly on acquiring ability to earn a living but the inmates of the ashrams were expected to gain perfect knowledge of their duties ceremonial, moral and religious along with all branches of learning. Education was free and uncontrolled by the state, and the teacher gave individual attention to his pupils. Character building and personality development of students were the chief objects of education. The teacher was content with whatever was offered to him by his pupils or their parents. Apart from education, the basic necessities of life were also supplied free by the preceptors for which the students have to serve him whole heartedly.

In course of time, the system of imparting education under the direct guidance and personal care of the teacher become traditional, the establishments where no fees were charged, being called gurukuls. The gurukul system of education seems to have been continued with occasional modifications in the district till about the advent of the Muslims. During the medieval period, these institutions turned into private pathshalas (schools). In those schools which were attached to religious establishments, students were generally initiated into the profession of priesthood. A few elementary and secular schools also came into being in which reading, writing and little arithmetic were taught. When Muslims settled in this region, they founded their own schools, (maktabs or madrsas) where Maulvis instructed in branches of Islamic learning. During the rule of the nawabs of Avadh, the maulvis started small schools in various towns for the children of well-to-do residents, aspiring to enter into government service.

The institutions run by the Hindus and Muslims separately taught different languages but their characteristic features had similarity in many respects. According to Syed Nurullah and J.P. Naik, "Although the Hindus and Muslims had separate schools of learning several important features were common to both type of institutions. For example, both received pecuniary assistance from rules, chieftains and opulent or religious citizens. Both were staffed by learned teachers, some of whom were authors of repute, but most of whom received very low remuneration. In both, instruction was mostly given gratis and no regular fees, as now understood, were charged. Both were mediaeval in character used a classical language as the medium of instruction (Sanskrit in one case and Arabic or Persian in the other), imparted instruction on traditional lines. In both, the teachers were remunerated in one or more of the following ways, viz., grants of land made by rulers, occasional voluntary presents from pupils and members of the public, allowances paid by wealthy citizens and payment in the form of food, clothes or other articles. Lastly, both had a few teachers who not only taught gratis but also provided food and lodging to their pupils."

By the end of nineteenth century the old indigenous system of education began to lose ground and a new system of education which aimed at the spread of western knowledge through the medium of English language was firmly established in its place.

At the time of the annexation the district was extremely backward in education. "In the early part of the nineteenth century the old indigenous system of education began to lose ground and a new system of education which aimed at spread of western knowledge through the medium of English language was firmly established in its place.

At the time of the annexation the district was extremely backward in education. "In the early part of the nineteenth century Buchanan remarked that in many parts of the district there was not a single school."

In 1835, a free school was started at Gorakhpur by a local committee, but it was closed down after 9 years. In 1844, the Church Missionary Society started a school and for a long time it remained the only institution of importance in the district. In 1847, when the first report on the education was submitted, there were 243 Persian, 170 Sanskrit and 15 Hindi schools in Gorakhpur and Basti district with an aggregate of total attendance of 3808 students only. Village schools on the halqabandi system were first opened in May 1856 and at the same time tahsil schools were established at Salempur, Pipraich and Sahebganj.

Regarding the spread of education at that time the collector of district , Tucker, had remarked that with the exception of some Brahmins, some Kayasth officials and a few respectable Muslims, a population of 2.5 million was in a state of utter ignorance.

In 1850, a scheme for the development and improvement of indigenous schools as a means of spreading education among the people had been drawn up by the government of the North-Western Provinces. It provided for the establishment of a government village school at the headquarters of every tahsil. A school master, employed on a pay of Rs.10 to 20 per month, besides such fees as he might collect from his students, was to conduct the school, in which reading, writing, accounts, mensuration, geography, history and geometry were to be taught through vernacular medium. As these schools do not appear to have been very successful, they were replaced about five years later by the circuit or halqabandi school system initiated by Alexander, collector of Mathura.

In this system a group of four or five villages was marked out and the most central village was chosen for the site of school. The cost of running the school was met with the voluntary contributions from the zamindars, which was later converted into a contributory donation by them towards education, at the rate of one per cent of their land revenue. The halqabandi system could not reach the towns. The tahsil schools mostly located in towns catered to the needs of the people. The system of establishing zila schools had commenced first in 1859 in the region known as the North-Western Provinces which included the present district. It seems to have been adopted in Avadh, a few years later. The first zila school was established at Gorakhpur in 1875 which provided education up to the middle standard that is class eight.

In 1856, three tahsil schools were opened at Salempur, Pipraich and Sahebganj but due to the freedom struggle 1857, the work of imparting education received a set back. When the schools reopened in 1858, there were 52 students in the tahsil and 108 students in the eleven village schools.There was also a Church missionary Society school with 180 students and 96 schools on oriental system with 793 students on roll. Ten years later in 1868, the number was much larger. In addition to the Church missionary Society's high school and the orphanage there were 176 halqabandi schools with 9,505 students on roll, 11 girls' schools with 281 students on roll, 185 schools on oriental system with 2,243 students and 14 middle schools with an attendance of 1,116 students. In 1878, the number of schools had risen to 407, the aggregate number of scholars being 9,769. A zila or district school was established at Gorakhpur but it only taught up to the middle standards. There was an addition of a tahsil school but the Anglo-vernacular schools which were started in 1867-68 had in most cases ceased to exist. For another decade the matter remained much the same. By 1888 halqabandi schools had diminished by 80 and the total number of scholars in all government institutions numbered 7,371. The number of students rose to more than 20,000 in 1899. In 1905, about a hundred new aided schools were started having 6,000 students on roll.

In 1908, there were 529 institutions of which 9 were secondary schools having 3,775 boys and 27 girls on roll and 510 primary schools with 29,834 boys and 799 girls on roll. Some of the important ones viz. St Andrews' College, teaching up to class eleven arts standard, a high school, an Anglo-vernacular school, a vernacular middle school and 5 primary schools for boys, were run by the Church Missionary Society. The Jubilee high school was started 1875 as an oriental zila school, was reconstituted in 1887 as a municipal high school and in 1907 was handed over to the district board. The other two secondary schools were aided alongwith an anglo-vernacular.

Subsequent years saw further expansion of education in the district. In 1920-21, the important institutions of the town were the Government Jubilee High school, Gorakhpur High School, George Islamia High School and St Andrews' High School and College, besides 732 educational institutions of which, 59 were for girls. A decade later the number of schools and students went up. There were six high schools in 1930-31. The Balmukund High School and the Dayanand Anglo-vernacular High School were the two new educational centres to come up in the town. The other important institutions existing in the district consisted of the Agricultural School, the Government Technical School, the Theosophical Girls' School and the Arya Kanya Pathshala. The number of higher secondary schools rose to 53 with 6,076 boys and 1,186 girls.

Growth Of Literacy

In 1872, only 2 persons in a thousand could read and write but by 1881 the literacy rate rose to 3.6 per cent among males and 0.08 among the females. These percentages further grew to 4.4 and 0.15 respectively in 1891. Thereafter, there has been a steady rise in the number of literate persons both males and females. Achievement in this field during the last three decades is depicted below :

--------------------------------------------------------------------
Year                Percentage of literacy among
                               ----------------------------
                             Males             Females
--------------------------------------------------------------------
1951                      15.40               2.20
1961                      26.10               5.10
1971                      30.37               7.50
---------------------------------------------------------------------

In 1961, the district was lagging behind the State average of 17.70 percent and occupied with 33rd place among the districts. The following statement gives an insight into the expansion of literacy and education in the district in 1961.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Educational standard                            Persons       Males     Females
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Urban
  Total population                                   1,87,343     1,06,245     81,098
  Illiterates                                              96,590        42,132     45,498
  Literate without education level                49,475        30,156      19,319

General education
  Primary or junior Basic                             18,397        13,479       4,918
  Matriculation or Higher Secondary             17,582        15,604       1,978
  Technical Diploma not equal to Degree           34               34            -
  Non-technical Diploma not equal to                  4               4             -
   Degree                                  
  University Degree or Post-graduate              4,925        4,567          398
   degree other than technical degree

Technical/ Professional
  Engineering                                                  34           34               -
  Medicine                                                      47           31             16
  Agriculture                                                     3            3               -
  Teaching                                                    251          200             51
  Veterinary and dairying                                     1            1               -

Rural
  Total population                                    23,77,839     1,91,052     11,86,787
  Illiterate                                               20,65,227    9,16,003     11,49,224
  Literate without education level                 2,08,400     1,78,639         29,761
  Primary and junior Basic                              78,956        71,711          7,245
  Matriculate and above                                25,256        24,699             557
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

In 1971, the percentage of literacy had risen to 19.30 per cent in the district against State average of 21.64.

GENERAL EDUCATION

Education now starts generally with the pre-junior Basic class or nursery stage and goes upto the University stage. There were 7 nursery schools in the district in the 1973-74.

Pre-junior Basic Stage

Pre-junior Basic education, imparted to children upto 6 years of age, is of recent growth and following nursery and kindergarten schools are devoted to infants in the districts :

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Name & Location                         Year of          No. of     No. of      Management
                                              foundation   students   teachers
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nursery School, Civil Lines,             1958          251             16        Private
Gorakhpur
Dayanand Shishu Sadan,                1964         160              9           ''
Basipur, Gorakhpur
Saraswati Shishu Mandir                 1964         200             15           ''
Gorakhpur
Saraswati Vidya Mandir,                 1964         128              8           ''
Hazaripur, Gorakhpur
V.S.S. Nursery School,                   1964         218             15           ''
Barahalganj, Gorakhpur
Jublee Shishu Mandir,                     1967         105              7           ''
Gorakhpur
Nursery School, Barhalganj,             1967          95              6           ''
Gorakhpur
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Junior and Senior Basic Stage

The Wardha scheme of education was adopted by the State Government with certain modifications including the introduction of an eight-year course of studies, comprising the junior Basic stage from class I to class V and the senior Basic stage from class VI to class VIII.

The main idea behind the Basic education is that education should centre round some form of manual productive work. For the supervision and guidance of these schools and Basic Shiksha Adhikari is appointed in the district. 

Secondary Education

A list of the higher secondary schools functioning in the district in 1973 is given in statement II at the end of the chapter.

Higher Education

A university was established at Gorakhpur in 1956. It is a teaching-cum-affiliating body. In the beginning it started with faculties of arts and commerce, but later on, faculties of law, science, engineering, agriculture and medicine were added. It has a well equipped library and provides research facilities to students.

In 1973, there were 21,453 students including 2475 girls on roll in degree classes and 3225 students including 755 girls studying subjects in post-graduate classes of the Gorakhpur University and its affiliated colleges. There were 284 teachers including 10 women on the staff.

Degree Colleges

In 1973-74, there were 13 degree colleges in the district, all of which are affiliated to the Gorakhpur University. A list of the degree colleges is given in the Statement II at the end of the chapter.

Re-orientation Scheme

The re-orientation scheme aims at introducing agriculture as central craft in as many junior high schools and higher secondary schools as could procure four ha. of arable land farming and training craft. The following statement gives certain details regarding various types of schools teaching agriculture as a compulsory subject in 1973-74 in the district :

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Type of schools                               No. of            Total area
                                                     schools              (in ha.)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Senior Basic                                         32                  57.46
Higher secondary (up to class X)              5                    5.30
Higher secondary (up to class XII)           25                  35.80
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Education Of Scheduled Castes And Other Backward Classes

To encourage education amongst the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes, incentives like free tuition, stipends, scholarships and financial assistance for books and stationery are provided by the State. The students belonging to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes get free education up to the university stage. The numbers of such students receiving financial assistance in different categories schools in 1973-74 are given in the following statement :
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Schools           Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes                          Other Backward
                                                                                                              Classes
                                      -----------------------------------           ---------------------------
                                         Boys                      Girls                               Boys       Girls
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Junior Basic                         475                        150                               83           25
Senior Basic                        758                         200                             247           50
Higher secondary
(up to class X)                   1070                        300                             170           40
Higher secondary
(up to class XII)                 3247                         28                              124            5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Professional And Technical Education

Before the mechanisation of industries there was hardly any scope for opening institutions of technical and professional education. In the age of handicrafts, skill in the production of goods was acquired through apprenticeship and dexterity passed on from generation to generation. But with the advent of machine technology and its application to spheres of production, propagation of professional and technical education became imperative.

The Industrial Training Institute, Chargawan is run by the State directorate of training and employment. It imparts training in trades of fitter, carpenter, turner, electrician, wireman, mechanist, refrigerator mechanic and steno-grapher. In 1974, the number of trainees was 680.

The Government Polytechnic, Gorakhpur was started in 1909 by the railway company and was handed over to the State Government in 1956. It is functioning under the control of the directorate of technical education, Uttar Pradesh. It imparts training in mechanical, electrical and automobile engineering, the duration of course being 3 years, after which a diploma is awarded by the Board of Technical Education, U.P. It also runs one year post-diploma course in refrigeration and air-conditioning and a four year's course in chemical engineering. In 1973, the total strength of students ranged between 900 and 1,000 and the members of teaching staff numbered 53.

The Maharana Pratap Polytechnic which was started in 1956 runs diploma courses in civil, mechanical, electrical and electronic engineering. It has a capacity to enroll 120 trainees  at a time.

The Madam Mohan Malviya Engineering College, Gorakhpur was started in 1962 to impart higher education in technical subjects. It runs a four year's degree course in civil, mechanical, electrical and electronic engineering. It is affiliated to the Gorakhpur University.

The government agriculture school which was founded in 1931 is functioning under the aegis of the State directorate of agriculture. It imparts coaching in land management, agriculture and allied subjects and awards a diploma after successful completion of two years training. It possesses a farm of 11.33 ha., a goshala and a big garden. The school hostel accommodates 100 students who get a stipend of Rs 30 per month. The teaching staff consists of a principal, 11 instructors and 3 assistant lecturers.

To meet the growing demand of trained teachers for Basic schools, 4 training institutes, one of which was for girls, were running in the district by the education department. Their position in 1973-74 is indicated below :

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Name and location                   Name of            No.of trainees             No.of
                                        certiicate awards                                  teacher
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Government Prem Chandra junior     B.T.C               153              16
Training College Gorakhpur     
Government Model School,              B.T.C               340              13
Pipraich
Government Normal School              B.T.C                97             N.A.
Bansgaon
Governments Girls Normal                B.T.C                43             N.A.
School, Gorakhpur
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Baba Raghav Das Medical College was started in 1942. It imparts  training and education for the bachelor's course in medicine and surgery. It  has an attached hospital as well. In 1974, there were 150 students on roll of  which 26 were females. The teaching staff numbered 35 including 5 females. The  college is affiliated to the Gorakhpur University.

ORIENTAL EDUCATION

Sanskrit :- Sanskrit continues to be taught in gurukuls and temples but the number of such institution gradually decreased after the introduction of the modern system of education when endowments meant for Sanskrit pathshalas were diverted to run school for general education in which the teaching of Sanskrit was not compulsory. The existing pathshalas impart education in subjects like Sanskrit literature, vyakarana (grammar), ganita (mathematics) and darshan (philosophy) and are affiliated to the Varanaseya Sanskrit Vidyalaya, Varanasi.

Arabic and Persian :- A madarsa (school) known as Madarasa Anjuman Islamia is run at Gorakhpur following the curriculum prescribed by the Board of Arabic and Persian Examinations, Allahabad. It prepares students for the  certificate course of Maulvi, Alim, Fazil (Arabic) and Munshi, Kamil  (Persian). In 1974, the Madaras had 182 students and 11 teachers.

                EDUCATION FOR PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED PERSONS

A Deaf and Dumb School was opened at Gorakhpur on November 21, 1955. Apart from giving lessons on how to communicate with others, the children are  taught subjects like Hindi, English and Mathematics. To make them   self-supporting, the students are given vocational training in woodcraft, fine   arts and tailoring. The school provides free education up to junior high   school stage. In 1974, the institution had 54 students and 7 teachers.

The Government Blind School, Gorakhpur was started by the Harijan and social welfare department in 1957. It runs classes up to junior high school level in its own building. Services of a school bus are available to students. Besides teaching English, Hindi, mathematics, history and geography, the institution imparts training in music, spinning and cane-craft. In 1974, there were 38 students of whom 35 were hostlers. No tuition fee charged and hostel  accommodation is also provided free of charge. Each student is entitled to receive a scholarship of Rs. 40 per month from the State Government, provided the monthly income of his parents does not exceed Rs 200.

PHYSICAL EDUCATION

Physical training is given to boys and girls in almost all educational institutions in the district. The National Cadet Corps training is in force in 35 higher secondary schools in the district. Nearly 7000 students receive such training in the senior and 15,000 in the junior division each year. Scouts training under the Bharat Scouts and Guides Association is given in nearly all the higher secondary schools and scouts and guides camps and rallies are  arranged every year. About 5000 students are trained each year.

FINE ARTS AND MUSIC

Embroidery and knitting are favorite pastimes of the women. Wood carvers are occasionally seen with their artistic hands working on doors and sills. Icons and images of gods and goddesses are chiselled from stone blocks  and made to adorn the temples and shrines.

FOLK-SONGS AND FOLK-DANCES

To earn his livelihood the common man has to work very hard. The womenfolk also join men, particularly in agricultural operations. Usually after the days' hard work men and women relax themselves with singing and  dancing. Agricultural operations like transplanting rice or harvesting the  Rabi crop or events like the birth of a baby or a marriage in the family are  special occasions for such entertainment and merry-making.

Folk-songs, peculiar to the various festivals and seasons of the year  sung in the district are the kaharwa at Deepawali, the Phaag during Holi, the  Alha, Barahmasi and Kajri during the rainy and Birha in winter nights. Women also sing devi geets, while proceeding to take a dip in rivers or   visiting temples and fairs, dhartee geets are sung by the farmers while   transplanting paddy.

Of the popular folk-dances of the district the Kaharwa, Dhobia and Mela are performed on the occasion of festivals, marriage and during fairs. The musical instruments generally used are the harmonium, dholak, manjira, thali, mridung, nagara and huruka.

ADULT EDUCATION

In 1970-71 the planning department organised 60 school for adult  education. The duration of the course was 6 month. A total of 1,567 men and  826 women  received education during the same period.

CULTURAL AND LITERARY SOCIETIES

Cultural Society

A society called Rupantar has been formed at Gorakhpur to stimulate  coalescence through frequent cultural exchanges. It had staged a number of  plays, such as lahron -ke -Rajhans. Asharh ka Ekdin, shayad Han, Second  door, Badshah, Begum aur Gulam,and Parte.

Literary Society

The Mannan Sahitya Parishad, Gorakhpur is actively engaged in the  promotion of Hindi and its literature in the district. It organises debates,  Kavi sammellans and goshthis occasionally in furtherence of its objects.
                   

                       LIBRARIES AND READING-ROOM

Libraries - In 1973-74 there were 8 libraries in the district. The  following statement gives an idea of their status:
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Name and Location                                      Number of      Management
                                                                        book
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
District Government library, Gorakhpur              10,532            State Government
Nagari Pracharini Pustakalaya, Gorakhpur             4,856                     Private
Nehru Adhyayan Kendra, Bhiwapur, Gorakhpur    3,062                       "
Jan Priya Pustakalaya, Bairath Hata, Rajbari1,           930                       "
Mahip Narain Shahi Pustakalaya, Mahabir              1,865                       "
Chhapra
Khokar Sewa Bachnalaya Sansthan, Gorakhpur      1,627                       "
Holmes Colonel Library, Town hall,                         N.A.             Municipal board
Gorakhpur
Gappu Lal Municipal Library, Lal  Diggi                  N.A.                       "
Park Gorakhpur
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STATEMENT II

List of Higher Secondary Schools
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Institution of location                                  Year of                  No. of                       No. of
                                                              Establishment         Students                    Teachers
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         1                                           2                                       3                               4
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Government Jublee Inter College, Gkp                 1875                  1341                             50
D.B.Inter College, Gorakhpur                             1880                  2718                             78
St. Andrews Inter College, Gorakhpur                 1884                  1025                             28
M.G.Inter College, Gorakhpur                            1909                  1437                             56
M.P.P.Arya Kanya Inter College Gorakhpur           1916                  2684                             60
M.S.G.Inter College, Gorakhpur                          1920                  1512                             52
M.P.Inter College, Gorakhpur                             1925                  1560                             60
J.P.Inter College, Compierganj                           1930                    686                             25
Dayanand Inter College, Gorakhpur                     1936                  2599                             86
Murari Inter College, Sahjanwa                          1936                  2170                             57
T.D.M. Inter College, Gorakhpur                         1936                   944                             31
M.G.Inter College Siswa Bazar                           1943                  1423                             45
S.A.J.Inter College, Anand Nagar                       1944                  1143                             41
Abhainandan Inter College, Gorakhpur                 1945                  1029                             45
Co-oprative Inter College, Pipraich                     1945                  2101                             61
V.S.A.V.Inter College, Gola                               1945                  1508                             45
Imambara Muslim Kanya Inter College, Gkp           1945                  2248                             63
Pt.J.L.N.Inter College, Bansgaon                         1946                  1032                             37
Marwari Inter College, Gorakhpur                         1947                  1091                            44
Nautanwa Inter College, Nautanwa                      1947                  1171                            43
National Inter College, Barhalganj                        1947                  1458                             48
M.P.Inter College, Mundera Bazar                        1947                   529                              22
L.P.K.Inter College, Basdilla                                1947                  1671                             59
Kishan Inter College, Gagaha                              1948                  1162                             35
D.A.V. Narang Inter College, Gugli                       1950                    864                             30
S.K.Inter College, Kauri Ram                               1950                  1619                             56
Indrasana Inter College, Balapar                          1950                   800                             23
B.P. Kanya Inter College, Gorakhpur                     1950                  1647                             48
Govt. A.D. Girls' Inter College Gorakhpur                  -                     1027                             40
G.S.V.S. Inter College, Maharajganj                     1951                 1050                              36
M.L. Inter College, Dughra                                  1951                 627                              31
Ram Rekha Singh Inter College Uruwa                   1951                1160                              42
Bapu Inter College, Peppeganj                             1952                1509                             40
Bhumidhar Inter College, Sikariganj                       1952                  787                             29
R.K. Inter College, Thuthibari                               1952                1061                            25
P.P.D. Inter College, Machhligaon                         1952                  614                             27
Gandhi Inter College, Harpur Budhat                      1952                  831                             32
D.N. Inter College, Chowk                                   1953                  519                             23
S.P. Inter College, Lakshmipur                              1954                 874                             34
Anglo Sanskrit Inter College, Gugli                         1954                 921                             28
Mahajan Inter College, Chauri Chaura                     1954                964                             49
V.D. Inter College, Dumari Niwas                            1954                859                             25
A.V. Inter College, Kakarahi                                  1955                618                             29
Carmel Inter College, Gorakhpur                             1955                680                             25
Rastriya Inter College, Bali (Nichlaul)                      1956                787                             35
Gandhi Inter College, Mahurpur                              1956                634                             19
Janta Inter College, Bhitauli Bazar                          1956              1205                             39
Adarsh Inter College, Belwar                                 1956               443                             21
Govt. Girls' Inter College, Sardarnagar                     1956               437                             23
Govt. Girls' Inter College, Bansgaon                        1956               411                             20
Janta Inter College, Indarpur                                 1957               656                             30
Panchayat Inter College Partawal Bazar                   1957              1679                            60
L.D. Inter College, Barampur                                  1957               914                             30
Govt. Girls Inter College, Nautanwa                         1957               396                             21
Neena Thapa Inter College, Gorakhpur                     1958              1069                             27
Janta Inter College, Chargawan                              1958                575                             24
Patel Inter College, Bhatahat                                 1958               1121                            42
Bhartiya Inter College, Diparsandi                            1960                740                            31
Baba Amrit Das Inter College, Jogipali                       1961                757                            23
Neta Subhash Inter College, Maulaganj                     1961               670                             29
M.R.D. Inter College, Pharenda                                1964                439                             19
Shyam Krishna Inter College Thawaipur                     1964              1174                             33
M.P. Inter College, Bargadwa                                  1964                740                             30
Mahatma Gandhi Inter College Brijmanganj                 1965               558                              25
Maharajganj Inter College, Maharajganj                     1965              1309                             39
Rama Nath Uma Shanker Inter College                      1965                960                             34
     Phulnauha
Adarsh Inter College, Parsauna                                1965                816                             21
Dayanand Kanya Inter College, Gorakhpur                  1965                692                             23
Nehra Smarak Balika Inter College                            1965                639                              25
      Mundera Bazar
Inter College, Lakshmipur Ekadanga                          1966                531                             20
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STATEMENT III

List of Degree Colleges

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Institution of location                           Years of            Faculties        Management
                                                    establishment
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         1                                 2               3              4
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St. Andrews College, Gorakhpur                 1916         Arts & Science       Private
National Degree College, Barhalganj            1960          Arts & Science      Private
J.N.C. Degree College, Mahrajganj              1966                   Arts           Private
D.N. Degree College, Gorakhpur                 1969                   Arts           Private
M.G. Degree College, Gorakhpur                 1970                Science         Private
Dayanand Degree College, Gorakhpur          1970                   Arts           Private
Bapu Degree College, Peppeganj                1971                   Arts           Private
Mahajan Degree College, Chauri Chaura       1972                   Arts           Private
Shyameshwar Maher Vidyalaya Sikriganj      1972                   Arts           Private
L.B. Shastri Degree College Anandnagar      1973                   Arts           Private
Syed Javed Ali Shah Imambara Girls'           1973                   Arts           Private
Degree College, Gorakhpur
Pantre Degree College, Mani Ram, Gkp.       1973                   Arts           Private
Bhatwali Bazar Degree College, Gkp.           1973                   Arts           Private
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